The equivalence between mass and quantum information, if it were found, would have significant implications for our understanding of the universe. However, such an equivalence has not been established.
That being said, let's speculate on the hypothetical scenario of an additional time dimension in the universe, without specifically considering the implications of the mass-quantum information equivalence. Adding another time dimension to our current understanding of spacetime would have profound consequences for the nature of reality.
In our three-dimensional space plus one-dimensional time model, events are described by coordinates in spacetime (x, y, z, t). Introducing a second time dimension would necessitate an expanded spacetime framework, such as (x, y, z, t1, t2). This would fundamentally alter our perception of causality, the arrow of time, and the behavior of physical systems.
One potential consequence is the possibility of closed timelike curves (CTCs), which are paths through spacetime that loop back on themselves. If CTCs exist, it would allow for time travel and create situations with paradoxes, such as the famous grandfather paradox. The introduction of an additional time dimension could potentially influence the formation and behavior of CTCs, further complicating the understanding of causality and consistency in such a universe.
Moreover, the dynamics of particles and fields would be drastically different in a universe with an extra time dimension. The equations that govern physical processes would need to be reformulated, taking into account the interactions and behavior associated with the additional time dimension. The properties of matter, energy, and forces would likely be fundamentally altered.
It's important to note that postulating an additional time dimension is highly speculative, and we have no empirical evidence supporting its existence. Theoretical physicists explore such ideas within the framework of mathematical models, but without experimental validation, it remains in the realm of speculation and conjecture.
If the equivalence between mass and quantum information were indeed established and combined with the presence of an extra time dimension, it would undoubtedly have far-reaching implications for our understanding of the universe. However, the specific effects and consequences would depend on the details of the theory and would require further research and exploration.