According to the principles of quantum mechanics, information is not destroyed but can undergo transformations that may make it inaccessible or difficult to retrieve. This concept is known as the principle of information conservation in quantum mechanics.
In quantum mechanics, the evolution of a quantum system is described by unitary transformations, which are reversible. This means that information encoded in the quantum state of a system can, in theory, be recovered by reversing the operations that led to its transformation. However, in practice, the retrieval of information from a quantum system can be challenging due to various factors, such as noise, decoherence, and interactions with the environment.
Quantum systems are also subject to a phenomenon called entanglement, where the quantum states of two or more particles become correlated. Entanglement can distribute information across different parts of a quantum system, making it difficult to isolate and extract specific information without affecting the overall system.
Regarding storage capacity, quantum mechanics does not provide an infinite storage capacity. Quantum systems, like any physical system, have limitations on their resources and the amount of information they can encode. The number of qubits in a quantum system determines its storage capacity, and it is finite. However, quantum systems have the potential to encode and process information more densely than classical systems due to the principles of superposition and entanglement.
It's important to note that the practical limitations of storing and retrieving quantum information are still areas of active research. Quantum error correction techniques and advancements in quantum control and measurement are being explored to address these challenges and improve the reliability and longevity of quantum information storage and retrieval.