In the context of quantum decoherence and the measurement process, the term "observer" does not refer to conscious beings or animals specifically. In quantum mechanics, an "observer" refers to any system that interacts with a quantum system, causing it to undergo a measurement or decoherence process.
Decoherence occurs when a quantum system interacts with its surrounding environment, leading to the loss of its quantum properties and the emergence of classical behavior. The environment, which can include particles, atoms, or other physical systems, acts as an "observer" in this sense. It causes the quantum system to become entangled with it, effectively erasing the delicate quantum superpositions and leading to a more classical, predictable behavior.
In this view, animals, like any macroscopic objects, can contribute to the process of decoherence when they interact with quantum systems. However, the specific characteristics of animals, such as their consciousness or cognitive abilities, are not directly relevant to the decoherence process itself.
It's important to note that the details and mechanisms of quantum decoherence are still an active area of research, and scientists are continually exploring its implications and connections to the macroscopic world.