The terms "quantum computation" and "quantum computing" are closely related but can be used to refer to slightly different aspects of the same field.
Quantum computation refers to the general concept or theory of performing computations using quantum systems. It encompasses the principles, algorithms, and mathematical foundations that underlie the use of quantum mechanics for computation. Quantum computation explores how information can be encoded, manipulated, and processed using quantum bits (qubits) and the principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement. It involves studying the design and analysis of quantum algorithms, quantum error correction, and the potential advantages of quantum systems over classical computers.
On the other hand, quantum computing refers more specifically to the practical implementation and engineering of quantum systems for performing computations. It focuses on the development of physical devices capable of maintaining and manipulating quantum states to perform computational operations. This involves areas such as experimental physics, materials science, engineering, and the design of quantum hardware, including qubit architectures and control systems.
In summary, quantum computation is a broader concept that encompasses the theoretical aspects of using quantum systems for computation, while quantum computing is a narrower term that refers to the practical implementation and realization of quantum computation through physical systems and devices.