The speed of light, denoted by the symbol "c," is a fundamental constant in physics representing the maximum speed at which information or energy can travel through space. In a vacuum, such as outer space, the speed of light is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second (or about 186,282 miles per second).
The speed of light is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to travel that distance. One common method to measure the speed of light is by using the time it takes for light to travel a known distance. Historically, various techniques have been employed to determine the speed of light, including the Fizeau method, the Michelson–Morley experiment, and modern techniques such as using lasers and highly accurate timing devices.
The symbol "c" is derived from the Latin word "celeritas," which means "swiftness" or "speed." It is often used as a constant in equations in physics, particularly in theories like Einstein's theory of relativity, where the speed of light plays a fundamental role.