The equation you mentioned, [2GM/c²] / R, represents the gravitational time dilation caused by a massive object, such as a star, in the framework of general relativity (GR). This equation describes the effect of gravity on the flow of time, where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the object, c is the speed of light, and R is the distance from the center of the object.
It's important to note that the equation itself does not imply any cyclical hold or freeze that a star forces on a planet. Instead, it quantifies the relative difference in the passage of time between two locations at different gravitational potentials. In simpler terms, it means that time runs slower in a stronger gravitational field compared to a weaker field.
General relativity provides a comprehensive framework for understanding gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by massive objects. It has been extensively tested and verified through various experiments and observations. The concept of spacetime curvature explains not only the phenomena of gravitational time dilation but also other gravitational effects, such as the bending of light, the motion of planets, and the behavior of black holes.
While alternative theories or ideas may exist, it's important to approach them with scientific rigor and evaluate their consistency with observational evidence and experimental tests. The current understanding of gravity, as described by general relativity, has been tremendously successful in explaining a wide range of gravitational phenomena and remains the prevailing theory accepted by the scientific community.