Yes, each color of light corresponds to a different wavelength within the electromagnetic spectrum. The colors we perceive are determined by the wavelength of light that enters our eyes. When light travels through a medium, like air or a transparent material, its speed can vary slightly based on its wavelength. This phenomenon is known as dispersion.
In a vacuum, all colors of light travel at the speed of light, which is approximately 299,792 kilometers per second (km/s). However, when light passes through a medium like air or glass, it may slow down by a small amount. This difference in speed for different wavelengths causes the light to bend or refract, and this effect is what enables prisms to split white light into its constituent colors.
So, while all colors of light travel at the same speed in a vacuum, they can take slightly different lengths of time to travel through certain mediums, which results in the phenomenon of dispersion and the separation of colors. In everyday situations, the differences in travel time are usually negligible and do not have a noticeable effect on how we perceive colors. However, in specific scientific and optical experiments, these slight differences in speed can be taken into consideration.