The pressure in water increases with depth. This phenomenon is known as hydrostatic pressure. It occurs because the weight of the water column above exerts a force on the water below, causing an increase in pressure.
The relationship between pressure and depth in a fluid is described by Pascal's law, which states that the pressure change is directly proportional to the depth and the density of the fluid. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
ΔP = ρ * g * Δh
Where: ΔP is the pressure change, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and Δh is the change in depth.
As you descend deeper into a body of water, the weight of the water above you increases, resulting in a higher pressure. The pressure increases by approximately 1 atmosphere (14.7 pounds per square inch or 101,325 pascals) for every 10 meters (33 feet) of depth in the Earth's oceans.
It's important to note that the pressure increase with depth is not linear. The relationship between pressure and depth follows an exponential curve, meaning that the pressure increases more rapidly at greater depths. This is because the pressure at a particular depth is determined by the weight of the water above it, and as you go deeper, there is more water above, causing a greater force and higher pressure.