Arguably, one of the most influential scientists in history is Sir Isaac Newton. Newton made groundbreaking contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy, and his ideas laid the foundation for classical mechanics. His most famous work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), published in 1687, described the laws of motion and the universal law of gravitation. Newton's work revolutionized our understanding of the physical world and set the stage for future scientific advancements. His ideas continue to be fundamental in many areas of science and have had a profound and lasting impact on the development of modern physics.