Isaac Newton did not actually "name" gravity. The concept of gravity, as a force that attracts objects with mass towards each other, had been recognized and discussed by earlier scientists and philosophers. However, Newton's work on the laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a groundbreaking and comprehensive mathematical framework for understanding and describing the force of gravity.
In his seminal work "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) published in 1687, Newton laid out his laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. He proposed that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This law of gravitation explained not only why objects fall to the ground on Earth but also how the Moon orbits around the Earth and how the planets move around the Sun.
The term "gravity" itself had been in use before Newton's time and was derived from the Latin word "gravitas," which means "heaviness" or "weight." The word was commonly used to describe the natural force that caused objects to fall towards the Earth. Newton's work gave a rigorous mathematical foundation to this concept, making it a fundamental principle of physics.
So, while Newton didn't invent the term "gravity," he played a crucial role in our understanding of gravity through his laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, and his work became the cornerstone of classical mechanics and physics for centuries to come.