Generally speaking, portable air conditioners tend to use slightly more electricity than window air conditioners with similar cooling capacities. There are a few reasons for this:
Efficiency: Window air conditioners are typically more efficient than portable units. Efficiency is measured by the Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER), which represents the cooling capacity divided by the power consumption. Window units often have higher EER ratings, meaning they can cool a given space using less electricity compared to portable units.
Ventilation: Portable air conditioners require an exhaust hose to vent hot air outside. This hose is typically installed in a window or through a small opening in a wall. However, even with proper installation, some heat can still leak back into the room, reducing the overall efficiency. Window air conditioners, on the other hand, expel heat directly outside through the back of the unit, minimizing heat transfer back into the room.
Air leakage: Portable air conditioners are prone to air leakage because they are designed to be moved and installed in different locations. Gaps around the hose connection or improper sealing can lead to air leaks, which require the unit to work harder to maintain the desired temperature. Window air conditioners are fixed in place and generally have better sealing, reducing air leakage.
Heat gain from the unit: Portable air conditioners generate heat while operating, and this heat is released into the room being cooled. Window air conditioners, however, release most of the heat generated to the outside. The additional heat generated by portable units can cause the compressor to work harder and consume more electricity.
It's important to note that the actual energy consumption will depend on various factors, including the specific models, cooling capacities, usage patterns, and the energy efficiency of the units. If you are considering purchasing an air conditioner, I would recommend comparing the EER ratings and energy consumption specifications of different models to make an informed decision.