C6H5OH, also known as phenol, is a molecule that consists of a phenyl group (C6H5) attached to a hydroxyl group (OH). It exhibits several intermolecular forces.
Hydrogen bonding: The hydroxyl group (-OH) in phenol can form hydrogen bonds with other phenol molecules. Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen or nitrogen) and forms an electrostatic interaction with another electronegative atom.
Dipole-dipole interactions: Phenol molecules possess a permanent dipole moment due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl group. The positive end of one molecule attracts the negative end of another, leading to dipole-dipole interactions.
London dispersion forces: Although phenol has polar bonds, it also experiences London dispersion forces. These forces arise due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, creating temporary dipoles in the molecule. These temporary dipoles induce similar dipoles in neighboring molecules, resulting in attractive forces.
In summary, the intermolecular forces present in C6H5OH (phenol) are hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces.