It is true that lightning bolts can reach extremely high temperatures, estimated to be around 30,000 to 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit (16,500 to 27,700 degrees Celsius). These temperatures are indeed hotter than the surface of the sun. However, when people are struck by lightning, they can still survive due to a combination of factors:
Duration of exposure: Lightning bolts are typically very brief, lasting only a fraction of a second. While the temperature of the lightning bolt is extremely high, the short duration of exposure reduces the overall heat transfer to the human body.
Path of least resistance: When a person is struck by lightning, the electrical current tends to follow the path of least resistance, which often involves traveling along the skin and through the body in a relatively superficial manner. This means that the current does not necessarily pass through vital organs or cause extensive internal damage.
Electrical current distribution: The high voltage of a lightning strike can cause electricity to disperse through the body rather than concentrating in a specific area, minimizing the damage to any one particular organ.
Grounding: If a person is standing on a surface that conducts electricity well, such as wet ground, the electrical current may preferentially pass through the ground rather than through the person's body, reducing the severity of the shock.
Despite these factors, being struck by lightning can still cause serious injuries and health complications. Common effects include burns, cardiac arrhythmias, neurological problems, and internal injuries. Immediate medical attention is crucial for individuals who have been struck by lightning, even if they appear to be unharmed, as there may be internal injuries or delayed symptoms.
It's worth noting that surviving a lightning strike is relatively rare, and it's always advisable to take precautions to avoid being struck by lightning, such as seeking shelter indoors or in a fully enclosed metal vehicle during thunderstorms.