LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology relies on the use of light waves, typically in the form of laser pulses, to measure distances and create detailed maps of objects or environments. While LIDAR is commonly used in various applications on land and in the atmosphere, it is not commonly used as an underwater communication method for several reasons:
Light Absorption: Water absorbs and scatters light much more strongly than air. The absorption and scattering of light in water reduce the range and effectiveness of LIDAR systems underwater. As a result, the usable range of LIDAR in water is significantly limited compared to its range in air or in clear atmospheric conditions.
Signal Degradation: Light waves in water experience significant attenuation due to absorption and scattering, which results in a decrease in the intensity and quality of the LIDAR signals. This degradation makes it challenging to achieve reliable and long-range communication using LIDAR underwater.
Data Rate and Bandwidth: LIDAR systems typically operate at much higher frequencies compared to sound-based communication systems. While higher frequencies can provide higher data rates, they are also more susceptible to attenuation and signal degradation in water. Sound waves, on the other hand, can propagate efficiently in water and allow for reliable long-range communication with reasonable data rates.
Underwater Environment: Underwater environments are complex, with various obstacles, currents, and conditions that can hinder the performance of LIDAR systems. The scattering and absorption of light by suspended particles, algae, or other water constituents further affect the ability of LIDAR to penetrate and accurately map the underwater environment.
Due to these challenges, sound-based communication methods, such as sonar or acoustic systems, are typically preferred for underwater communication. Sound waves can propagate effectively in water, provide reasonable ranges, and offer reliable communication capabilities even in challenging underwater conditions.