The lowest and most booming sound that can be produced by a musical instrument is typically associated with instruments from the brass family, specifically the tuba. The tuba is renowned for its ability to produce deep and resonant sounds. With its large size and wide conical bore, it can generate extremely low frequencies.
The lowest note on a standard tuba is typically the pedal tone B-flat, which has a fundamental frequency of 29 Hz. This low-frequency sound is often felt as much as it is heard, as the vibrations can be sensed throughout the body. The tuba's rich and powerful sound in the lower register provides a solid foundation for many ensembles, including orchestras and marching bands.
Other instruments that can produce low frequencies include the contrabassoon, bass trombone, and various organ pipes. However, the tuba is generally recognized as the instrument with the lowest and most booming sound due to its unique design and purpose.