In general, you would typically need to see and hear a sonic boom before you can feel its effects. A sonic boom is a loud, explosive noise caused by the shock waves generated when an object, such as an aircraft, travels faster than the speed of sound (approximately 767 miles per hour or 1,235 kilometers per hour at sea level).
The sound waves produced by a sonic boom propagate outward from the source, just like any other sound. Therefore, you would first perceive the sonic boom as a loud noise, which can be heard as a sudden and powerful clap or thunder-like sound. The intensity of the sound can vary depending on the distance from the source and other factors.
Once the sound reaches your ears, you may then feel the effects of the shock wave. However, the sensation you experience would not be a direct physical impact like an explosion. Instead, you might feel a sudden and brief change in air pressure, which could manifest as a slight jolt or vibration in your surroundings. The exact sensation can differ depending on the distance from the sonic boom and the characteristics of the environment.
It's worth noting that the perception of a sonic boom and its associated effects can vary depending on several factors, including the distance from the source, atmospheric conditions, and individual sensitivity. Regulations and safety measures are in place to prevent supersonic flight over populated areas to minimize the disruptive effects of sonic booms on the ground.