To clarify, when you mention "supersonic speed," I assume you are referring to the speed at or beyond the speed of sound, which is approximately 1,225 kilometers per hour (761 miles per hour) at sea level under standard conditions.
The time it takes for an aircraft to reach supersonic speed depends on several factors, including the aircraft's acceleration capabilities, engine power, and design. However, I can provide a rough estimate.
Let's consider the Concorde, a supersonic passenger aircraft. It was capable of reaching a cruising speed of Mach 2, which is twice the speed of sound. Mach 1 is equivalent to the speed of sound, so Mach 2 would be twice that speed.
The Concorde took around 30 minutes to reach its cruising speed after taking off. This timeframe accounts for the acceleration, climb, and reaching supersonic speed, but keep in mind that this is a specific example. Other supersonic aircraft may have different acceleration rates and times to reach supersonic speeds.
It's important to note that supersonic aircraft typically accelerate to supersonic speeds after reaching a safe altitude and distance from populated areas due to the sonic boom generated when breaking the sound barrier.