Planes are designed to land on a rotating Earth, and the rotation of the Earth does not significantly affect their ability to land safely. There are a few key factors to consider:
Relative motion: When an airplane is in flight, it moves through the Earth's atmosphere, which is also rotating along with the planet. So, from the perspective of the airplane, the Earth's surface is essentially stationary.
Airports and runways: Airports are carefully constructed with runways aligned to match the prevailing wind conditions and to provide optimal takeoff and landing directions. The runways are laid out with respect to the prevailing winds and take into account the Earth's rotation.
Navigation and guidance systems: Modern airplanes are equipped with advanced navigation and guidance systems that take into account the Earth's rotation and allow pilots to accurately navigate and land at the designated airports and runways.
Air traffic control: Air traffic control systems monitor and manage the flow of aircraft, taking into account the Earth's rotation. They provide pilots with precise instructions and ensure safe separation between aircraft during landing approaches.
In summary, while the Earth's rotation is taken into account in aviation, planes are designed and operated in a way that accommodates the rotational motion of the Earth, allowing them to safely land on runways aligned with prevailing winds and with the assistance of navigation and guidance systems.