While it is true that both light and sound are related to frequency and vibration, they are fundamentally different phenomena, and their propagation mechanisms differ.
Sound requires a medium, such as air, water, or solids, to travel because it relies on the physical compression and rarefaction of molecules in that medium. When an object vibrates, it causes nearby molecules to vibrate, transferring the energy of the sound wave. In the vacuum of space, there is no air or other material to propagate sound waves, so they cannot travel through space.
On the other hand, light is an electromagnetic wave that does not require a medium to propagate. It can travel through the vacuum of space as well as through transparent materials like air, water, and glass. Light consists of photons, which are particles and waves simultaneously, and they can travel through empty space at the speed of light.
When scientists study space, they primarily rely on electromagnetic radiation, including light, to gather information. They use various instruments such as telescopes and detectors to capture and analyze the electromagnetic waves emitted by celestial objects. This enables them to observe and measure properties such as the temperature, composition, distance, and movement of objects in space.
It's important to note that although sound cannot travel through space, scientists can still use other means to detect and study certain phenomena indirectly. For example, they can analyze the data collected by space probes and satellites to understand phenomena like the interaction of charged particles or the detection of gravitational waves, which provide valuable insights into the universe.