Computers on the International Space Station (ISS) are indeed subject to the effects of time dilation, but the impact of time dilation on their operation is negligible and not practically significant.
Time dilation occurs due to differences in relative velocities or gravitational fields between two observers. The effects of time dilation become significant when there are extreme differences in velocity or when gravitational fields are extremely strong, such as near massive objects like black holes. However, the velocities involved in the ISS's orbit around the Earth and the relatively weak gravitational field near Earth do not cause substantial time dilation effects.
The relative velocity of the ISS compared to observers on Earth is not large enough to cause noticeable time dilation. While the ISS orbits the Earth at a high speed of approximately 28,000 kilometers per hour (17,500 miles per hour), this speed is still significantly smaller than the speed of light, and the resulting time dilation is extremely small.
Additionally, the gravitational field near Earth is not intense enough to create significant time dilation effects for objects in low Earth orbit like the ISS. The difference in gravitational potential between the surface of the Earth and the ISS orbit is relatively small, resulting in a negligible time dilation effect.
Furthermore, the systems and computers on the ISS are designed to account for any minor time discrepancies that may arise due to relativistic effects or other factors. Time synchronization protocols are in place to ensure coordination and consistency among different systems, including those on Earth and the ISS.
In summary, while time dilation does affect the computers on the ISS to some degree, the magnitude of the effect is extremely small and not practically relevant for their normal operation. The effects of time dilation become more significant in extreme scenarios involving much higher velocities or stronger gravitational fields, which are not applicable to the ISS's orbit around Earth.