The concept you're referring to is one of the speculative ideas about the nature of the Big Bang known as the "Big Bounce" or "Cyclic Universe" theory. According to this hypothesis, the Big Bang could be viewed as the end of a previous universe, followed by a period of contraction and the subsequent bounce into a new expansion phase, leading to the birth of our current universe. In this scenario, the universe undergoes a cycle of repeated expansion and contraction, with each cycle beginning with a new Big Bang.
It's important to note that the Big Bounce hypothesis is just one of several proposed cosmological models attempting to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. While it is an intriguing idea, it remains highly speculative, and there is currently no conclusive empirical evidence supporting or ruling out the concept.
Our understanding of the early universe is derived from various lines of observational and theoretical evidence, such as the cosmic microwave background radiation, the distribution of galaxies, and the general theory of relativity. The prevailing model, known as the Big Bang theory, describes the universe as originating from an extremely hot and dense state and expanding outward from that initial singularity. However, what occurred before the Big Bang, if anything, is still an open question that scientists continue to explore.
Exploring alternative cosmological models, including the possibility of a cyclic universe or other multiverse scenarios, is an active area of research in theoretical physics and cosmology. Ongoing observations and advancements in theoretical frameworks may eventually shed light on the true nature of the Big Bang and provide further insights into the origin and fate of our universe.