According to our current understanding of physics, the speed of light in a vacuum, denoted by 'c,' represents the fastest possible speed for any object with mass. This limit is a fundamental principle in the theory of relativity, proposed by Albert Einstein.
The theory of relativity states that as an object with mass accelerates, its energy, momentum, and mass increase. As the object approaches the speed of light, its mass becomes infinitely large, and an infinite amount of energy would be required to accelerate it further. This is known as the relativistic mass increase. Consequently, it becomes impossible to reach or exceed the speed of light for an object with mass.
On the other hand, particles that have zero rest mass, such as photons (particles of light), travel at the speed of light. They do not experience mass increase as they accelerate, and they always move at c in a vacuum. Photons can be thought of as pure energy, and their behavior is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics.
It is important to note that the concept of objects or information traveling at infinite speeds through space is not supported by our current scientific understanding. In fact, such scenarios would violate causality, as they could lead to situations where effects precede their causes, creating logical inconsistencies.
While there are speculative theories and ideas in physics, such as wormholes or hypothetical particles called tachyons that could potentially travel faster than light, these concepts remain speculative and have not been observed or experimentally confirmed.