It is important to clarify a common misconception here. The Big Bang did not involve the dispersal of galaxies from a central point into space. Instead, it was the initial expansion of space itself. The galaxies we observe today did not exist at the time of the Big Bang but formed later as a result of gravitational interactions and the clumping of matter.
During the early stages of the universe, a period known as cosmic inflation, space expanded rapidly, possibly much faster than the speed of light. However, it's crucial to understand that this expansion does not violate the theory of relativity or imply that matter was moving faster than light.
According to the theory of general relativity, the fabric of spacetime can stretch or expand, allowing objects within it to move apart. This expansion is not limited by the speed of light because it is the very fabric of space itself that is stretching, rather than objects moving through space.
The concept of objects moving apart faster than the speed of light only applies to the expansion of space at extremely large scales. It does not imply that any matter within the universe can move faster than light or violate the principles of special relativity.
Additionally, it's important to note that the universe is not governed solely by the laws of classical physics. At extremely small scales, quantum mechanics comes into play, and our understanding of the early moments of the universe is still an active area of research and exploration.
In summary, the expansion of space during the Big Bang did not involve matter moving faster than light. Rather, it was the stretching of spacetime itself. The subsequent formation and dispersion of galaxies occurred over vast periods of time, driven by gravitational interactions, rather than instantaneous movements faster than light.