The extremely bright spot in the middle of the Milky Way Galaxy is known as the Galactic Center or the Galactic Bulge. It is a region located in the constellation Sagittarius and is approximately 26,000 light-years away from Earth.
The Galactic Center appears bright in many wavelengths of light, including infrared and X-rays. It is believed to contain a supermassive black hole called Sagittarius A* (pronounced "Sagittarius A-star"). Sagittarius A* is estimated to have a mass of about 4 million times that of our Sun and is one of the most well-studied black holes in the universe.
The brightness observed in the Galactic Center arises from various astrophysical phenomena occurring in that region. The intense gravitational forces near Sagittarius A* cause surrounding matter to accelerate and emit radiation. Additionally, there are vast amounts of interstellar gas and dust present in the Galactic Center, which can give rise to the formation of massive stars and active star-forming regions.
The study of the Galactic Center provides valuable insights into the dynamics, structure, and evolution of our galaxy, as well as the behavior of black holes and the processes occurring in extreme environments.