The phenomenon you're referring to is known as quantum entanglement. While entangled particles can exhibit seemingly instantaneous correlations between their properties, it is important to note that this phenomenon does not allow for faster-than-light communication or information transfer.
Quantum entanglement occurs when two or more particles become correlated in such a way that the state of one particle is instantaneously related to the state of the other(s), regardless of the distance between them. This correlation is established during the entanglement process, typically through interactions between the particles in the past.
However, entanglement does not enable direct communication or information transfer between particles faster than the speed of light. When one particle's state is measured, it does not instantaneously affect the state of the other particle(s). Instead, the measurement of one particle's state reveals information about the correlation between the entangled particles, but this information cannot be used to transmit messages faster than the speed of light.
This limitation is due to a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics known as the no-communication theorem. It states that it is not possible to use entanglement to communicate or transfer information faster than the speed of light. The measurement of an entangled particle's state is random and unpredictable until the measurement is made, and the result of the measurement cannot be predetermined or controlled by an observer.
While quantum entanglement is a fascinating phenomenon with potential applications in fields like quantum computing and cryptography, it does not provide a means for faster-than-light communication or an interstellar telephone. The speed of light remains an absolute cosmic speed limit according to our current understanding of physics.