According to our current understanding of quantum mechanics, if two particles are entangled, their quantum states become correlated, regardless of the distance between them. This correlation persists even if the particles are separated by a large distance, potentially greater than the speed of light allows for direct communication.
When two entangled particles are measured, the measurement outcomes of one particle become instantaneously correlated with the measurement outcomes of the other, regardless of the distance separating them. This phenomenon is known as "quantum entanglement."
However, it's important to note that entanglement does not allow for faster-than-light communication or the transfer of information. The measurement outcomes of entangled particles are inherently probabilistic and random. While the measurement of one particle may provide instant information about the state of the other particle, this information cannot be used to send a message or transmit data faster than the speed of light.
This restriction is due to a principle in quantum mechanics called the "no-communication theorem." It states that it is not possible to use entanglement to send information faster than the speed of light. Even though the correlations between entangled particles are instantaneous, they do not carry information in a way that can be exploited for faster-than-light communication.
In summary, if entangled particles are separated by distances greater than the speed of light, their measurement outcomes remain correlated, but no useful information or communication can be achieved between them at superluminal speeds.