There are several techniques and strategies you can employ to speed up calculations and optimize performance in Excel. Here are some go-to techniques:
Minimize the use of volatile functions: Volatile functions, such as NOW(), TODAY(), and RAND(), recalculate every time there is any change in the workbook, even if the change does not affect the function's outcome. Minimizing the use of these functions can help improve calculation speed.
Use efficient formulas: Avoid using complex or resource-intensive formulas unless necessary. Simplify formulas and use functions that are specifically designed for the task at hand. For example, use VLOOKUP instead of INDEX/MATCH if a simple lookup suffices.
Limit the use of array formulas: Array formulas can be powerful but can significantly slow down calculations, especially when used on large ranges. Whenever possible, try to avoid array formulas or convert them to regular formulas.
Turn off automatic calculation: By default, Excel recalculates the entire workbook whenever a change is made. Switching to manual calculation mode (Formulas tab > Calculation Options > Manual) allows you to control when the calculations occur, reducing unnecessary calculations.
Use named ranges: Instead of referring to cell ranges directly in formulas, define named ranges. Named ranges can make formulas more readable and improve calculation speed, especially when working with large datasets.
Reduce unnecessary references: Avoid excessive cross-referencing between cells or worksheets unless required. Each reference adds to the calculation load, so minimizing unnecessary references can improve performance.
Use data tables wisely: Excel's data tables can be helpful for performing what-if analysis, but they can significantly slow down calculations if not used carefully. Keep data tables small and limited to the necessary inputs and outputs.
Enable multi-threaded calculation: If you have a multi-core processor, Excel can take advantage of it by enabling multi-threaded calculation. Go to File > Options > Formulas, and under Calculation options, select "Enable multi-threaded calculation" if available.
Optimize file size: Large file sizes can impact Excel's performance. Remove unused sheets, clear excess formatting, and compress images to reduce file size and enhance responsiveness.
Consider using Power Query and Power Pivot: For complex data transformations and analysis, leveraging Excel's Power Query and Power Pivot features can improve performance and provide more efficient data processing.
Remember, the performance improvements may vary depending on the specific Excel version and your computer's capabilities. It's always a good practice to measure the impact of these techniques on your specific workbooks and adjust accordingly.