The statement that the speed of ballistic missiles is limited to Mach three is not accurate. Ballistic missiles can actually reach much higher speeds depending on their design and intended purpose. The speed of a ballistic missile is influenced by various factors, including its propulsion system, size, weight, and the trajectory it follows.
Here are a few key points to consider:
Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs): ICBMs are designed to travel over long distances, typically thousands of kilometers. They can reach speeds of several kilometers per second (in the range of Mach 20 or higher). These missiles follow a suborbital trajectory, meaning they are launched into space and then reenter the Earth's atmosphere to strike their target.
Tactical Ballistic Missiles: Tactical ballistic missiles are designed for shorter ranges, typically within a few hundred kilometers. Their speeds can vary depending on the specific missile type and its intended purpose. Some tactical missiles, like the Russian Iskander, are reported to have speeds exceeding Mach 6.
Anti-ship and Anti-aircraft Missiles: Missiles designed for anti-ship or anti-aircraft purposes, such as cruise missiles, can also achieve high speeds. For example, the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile, jointly developed by India and Russia, has a reported speed of Mach 2.8.
It's important to note that missile technologies continue to evolve, and advancements can result in higher speeds and performance. However, there are practical limitations and engineering challenges associated with achieving extremely high speeds, such as the need for advanced materials, propulsion systems, and thermal protection.
It's worth mentioning that the exact speed capabilities of missiles are often classified or not publicly disclosed, as they are considered sensitive information related to national security. Therefore, precise details regarding the top speeds of specific missile systems may not be readily available to the public.