The minimum speed required to land a plane without stalling depends on various factors, including the type and configuration of the aircraft, its weight, atmospheric conditions, and other variables. However, for a given aircraft, there are a few key speeds to consider during the landing phase:
Approach Speed: This is the speed at which the aircraft maintains during the final approach to the runway. It is typically higher than the stall speed to provide a margin of safety. The approach speed varies depending on the aircraft type, but it is usually specified in the aircraft's operating handbook or manual.
Stall Speed: The stall speed is the minimum speed at which an aircraft can maintain controlled flight. It varies depending on factors such as aircraft configuration (e.g., flaps and landing gear position), weight, and atmospheric conditions. The stall speed is typically lower than the approach speed.
During landing, the aircraft's approach speed is maintained until just before touchdown. As the aircraft nears the runway, the pilot reduces the power, raises the nose slightly, and the aircraft gradually slows down. The actual touchdown speed is typically slightly above the stall speed, allowing for a smooth landing.
It's important to note that the specific speeds and procedures for landing are determined by the aircraft manufacturer and are outlined in the aircraft's operating documentation, such as the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) or Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM). Pilots receive training and follow these guidelines to ensure safe landings for specific aircraft types.