During a solar eclipse, when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, the Moon casts its shadow on a specific region of the Earth's surface. However, the blocking of sunlight during a solar eclipse does not significantly cool down the Earth as a whole.
The reason for this is that the Moon is much smaller than the Sun, so its shadow only covers a relatively small area on Earth's surface. The total area covered by the Moon's shadow, known as the path of totality, is typically quite narrow and moves across the Earth's surface during the eclipse.
While the shadowed area experiences a decrease in direct sunlight, the rest of the Earth continues to receive sunlight as usual. The overall effect on the Earth's temperature is minimal and short-lived because the duration of a solar eclipse is relatively short.
In fact, the changes in temperature during a solar eclipse are more influenced by local factors than the eclipse itself. For example, the temperature may drop slightly due to the reduction in solar radiation, but this effect is often negligible compared to other factors like cloud cover, atmospheric conditions, and local geography.
It's worth noting that if you're within the path of totality during a solar eclipse, you may experience a noticeable drop in temperature within the shadowed region. This can be attributed to the sudden reduction in solar radiation during the brief period of totality. However, outside of this narrow region, the temperature remains largely unaffected by the eclipse.