Space exploration is not limited to the observable universe. The observable universe refers to the portion of the universe that we can currently observe or have the potential to observe given the age of the universe and the finite speed of light. It is estimated to be about 93 billion light-years in diameter.
However, space exploration goes beyond the limits of the observable universe. Our exploration efforts extend to various scales and domains, including our own solar system, neighboring star systems, galaxies, and beyond. While we cannot directly observe objects beyond the observable universe due to the limitations of light travel, we can still study and explore the vast expanses of space through indirect means.
Exploration within our own solar system has been a significant focus of space missions. We have sent spacecraft to planets, moons, asteroids, and comets within our solar system, gathering valuable data and expanding our knowledge of these celestial bodies.
In terms of interstellar exploration, there have been initiatives to study nearby star systems through probes, telescopes, and projects like Breakthrough Starshot, which aims to send small spacecraft to nearby star systems within our lifetime.
Additionally, space telescopes like the Hubble Space Telescope and the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope enable us to observe distant galaxies and gain insights into their structures, formations, and evolution.
While direct exploration of regions beyond the observable universe is not currently feasible, our understanding of the universe continues to advance through theoretical models, simulations, and observations of cosmic microwave background radiation, gravitational waves, and other phenomena.
It's worth noting that the nature of space and the universe is still a subject of ongoing research and investigation. Future technological advancements and scientific breakthroughs may open up new possibilities for exploring and understanding the vast reaches of space beyond what is currently observable.