The apparent positions of the stars and constellations do change throughout the year due to the Earth's orbit around the Sun. This phenomenon is known as stellar parallax. However, the extent of the shift is generally too small to be noticeable with the naked eye.
To understand why the apparent positions of stars don't seem to change significantly, it's important to consider the vast distances involved. Stars are incredibly far away from us, with the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, located about 4.24 light-years away. Due to these immense distances, even though the Earth orbits the Sun, the change in our vantage point is relatively small in relation to the distance to the stars.
The apparent positions of stars are also influenced by our location on Earth. As we move around the Sun, our perspective changes slightly, and we observe the stars from different points in our orbit. This effect does lead to a slight annual shift in the positions of stars, but it's not easily noticeable without precise measurements and comparisons over time.
On shorter timescales, the rotation of the Earth on its axis is the primary factor affecting the position of stars in the night sky. As the Earth rotates, stars appear to move across the sky in a circular path around the celestial poles. However, their relative positions with respect to each other and their constellations remain relatively stable over the course of a year.
In summary, while there is a small shift in the apparent positions of stars due to Earth's orbit around the Sun, the vast distances to the stars and our own position on Earth make these changes difficult to perceive without careful observation and measurement.