According to current theories, such as quantum mechanics and general relativity, it is believed that spacetime does have certain fundamental limitations or scales associated with it, known as the Planck length and the Planck time. These fundamental scales emerge from the combination of fundamental constants, such as the speed of light, Planck's constant, and the gravitational constant.
The Planck length is approximately 1.6 x 10^-35 meters, and the Planck time is approximately 5.4 x 10^-44 seconds. These values represent the smallest possible measurable length and time intervals according to our current understanding of physics. They are thought to mark the scale at which the smooth classical notion of spacetime breaks down and where quantum gravitational effects become significant.
The concept of a "resolution" or "frame rate" for spacetime at the Planck scale is a speculative idea. It suggests that at such tiny scales, the fabric of spacetime could possess discrete or granular properties, similar to pixels in a digital image or frames in a movie. However, it is important to note that the precise nature of spacetime at the Planck scale is still an open question and an active area of research.
Various approaches to quantum gravity, such as string theory and loop quantum gravity, propose different perspectives on the underlying structure of spacetime at the Planck scale. Some theories suggest discrete structures, while others propose a continuous smooth spacetime even at the smallest scales. However, due to the extreme energies and scales involved, experimental verification or direct observation of these effects is currently beyond our technological capabilities.
It is worth noting that the Planck scales are far beyond the reach of our current experimental abilities, and the effects of quantum gravity are typically expected to be significant only in extreme conditions, such as in the early universe or near black holes. Nonetheless, studying the Planck scale and investigating the nature of spacetime at such scales is crucial for developing a more complete understanding of the fundamental fabric of the universe.