The question of what caused the Big Bang and whether an infinite regress is the only possible explanation is still an open and actively debated topic in cosmology and philosophy. there is no consensus among scientists and philosophers regarding the ultimate cause or origin of the universe.
The Big Bang theory describes the expansion of the universe from a highly dense and hot state, but it does not provide a complete explanation for the origin of the universe itself. The theory suggests that the universe as we know it began approximately 13.8 billion years ago, but what precisely triggered the Big Bang or what existed before it remains unknown.
Various hypotheses and theoretical frameworks have been proposed to address these questions, but they often rely on speculative or theoretical ideas that are difficult to test or confirm with current scientific methods. Some scientists and cosmologists propose that the concept of causality may break down at the moment of the Big Bang, making it challenging to identify a cause or explanation in conventional terms.
Regarding the idea of an infinite regress, it is one possible explanation that suggests an endless chain of causes stretching backward in time. According to this view, if X caused the Big Bang, then X-1 caused X, and so on, potentially leading to an infinite series of causes. However, the concept of an infinite regress can also be seen as problematic, as it raises questions about what initiated the regress itself.
It's important to note that these questions delve into the realm of metaphysics and the origins of the universe, which may lie beyond the scope of our current scientific understanding. As scientific knowledge advances and new theories are developed, our understanding of these fundamental questions may evolve.