The topics of string theory, M-theory, and supergravity are highly advanced and typically require a solid foundation in undergraduate-level physics and mathematics. However, if you're interested in exploring these topics at an introductory level, here are a few resources that can provide you with a starting point:
"String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction" by Katrin Becker, Melanie Becker, and John H. Schwarz: This book offers an accessible introduction to the fundamental concepts of string theory and M-theory. It assumes a background in quantum mechanics and general relativity, making it suitable for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students.
"A First Course in String Theory" by Barton Zwiebach: Geared toward advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to string theory. It covers the basics of classical and quantum mechanics, as well as the principles of general relativity, before delving into string theory itself.
Lecture notes by David Tong: David Tong, a physicist at the University of Cambridge, has made his lecture notes on string theory available online. These notes are highly regarded and provide a thorough introduction to the subject. You can find them on his website: http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/string.html
Lecture notes by Frederic Schuller: Frederic Schuller, a physicist at Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, has an extensive set of lecture notes on theoretical physics, including topics such as general relativity, string theory, and M-theory. They can be accessed on his website: http://www.fredschuller.de/
"Supergravity" by Daniel Z. Freedman and Antoine Van Proeyen: This book covers the topic of supergravity, which is a supersymmetric extension of general relativity. It assumes a background in quantum field theory and general relativity, making it suitable for advanced undergraduate or graduate students with a strong foundation in these areas.
It's worth noting that these topics are highly specialized and can be challenging even for advanced students. Therefore, it is advisable to have a solid understanding of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and general relativity before delving into these advanced topics.