Both scenarios pose significant risks to your survival, and it is important to note that extreme temperatures can be life-threatening. However, the specific outcome would depend on various factors, including your personal health, experience, and the availability of resources.
In the Arizona desert with a temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 49 degrees Celsius) and no water, the risk of dehydration and heatstroke is extremely high. Prolonged exposure to such heat without access to water can lead to severe health complications and potentially be fatal within a relatively short period. Heatstroke, which occurs when the body's temperature regulation system fails, can result in organ damage or failure.
On the other hand, being lost in an Alaskan forest with a temperature of -10 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately -23 degrees Celsius) and no jacket exposes you to the risk of hypothermia. Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can generate, leading to a dangerously low core body temperature. Without proper insulation, your body would struggle to maintain its heat, potentially leading to frostbite, tissue damage, and eventually, hypothermia. Hypothermia can also be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Both scenarios are extremely dangerous, and the outcome would depend on several factors such as your ability to find shelter, access resources (e.g., finding water or creating a fire for warmth), and your knowledge of survival skills. It is crucial to prioritize seeking help and assistance in either situation as soon as possible. In such extreme circumstances, it is advisable to have appropriate survival training, emergency supplies, and to let others know about your intended plans and whereabouts before embarking on any wilderness activities.