To determine the amount of mercury that overflows when the temperature of the system is raised from 0°C to 80°C, we need to consider the thermal expansion of mercury and the volume change it undergoes.
Mercury is known to expand when heated, and its expansion can be quantified using its coefficient of volume expansion. The coefficient of volume expansion for mercury is approximately 0.000181 per degree Celsius (cm³/°C).
Given: Initial volume of the flask: 500 cm³ Initial temperature: 0°C Final temperature: 80°C
To calculate the overflow, we need to determine the change in volume of the mercury due to its expansion.
Change in temperature = Final temperature - Initial temperature = 80°C - 0°C = 80°C
Change in volume = Initial volume × Coefficient of volume expansion × Change in temperature = 500 cm³ × 0.000181 (cm³/°C) × 80°C = 7.28 cm³
Therefore, the mercury overflows by approximately 7.28 cm³ when the temperature of the system is raised from 0°C to 80°C.