There are several factors that influence the temperature on Earth. Some of the key factors include:
- Solar Radiation: The amount of solar radiation received from the Sun is a major factor affecting Earth's temperature. The Sun emits electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation. The intensity and distribution of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface vary due to factors such as Earth's axial tilt, orbital eccentricity, and atmospheric conditions.
One specific factor related to solar radiation is the angle of incidence. The angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth's surface affects the concentration of energy received per unit area. When sunlight hits the surface at a more direct angle (perpendicular to the surface), the same amount of energy is distributed over a smaller area, resulting in higher temperatures. Conversely, when sunlight strikes at a more oblique angle, the energy is spread out over a larger area, leading to lower temperatures.
The angle of incidence changes throughout the year due to Earth's tilted axis and its elliptical orbit around the Sun, resulting in seasonal variations in temperature.
It's worth noting that factors such as cloud cover, atmospheric composition, and albedo (reflectivity of the Earth's surface) also play a role in modulating the amount of solar radiation absorbed or reflected, which in turn affects temperature patterns on Earth.