The amount of heat generated by a processor without a cooler depends on several factors, including the specific processor model, its power consumption, and the workload or tasks being performed. Processors are designed to operate within certain temperature ranges, and exceeding these limits can lead to performance issues, instability, or even permanent damage.
Modern processors typically have built-in thermal protection mechanisms, such as thermal throttling, which reduces their operating frequency or performance to prevent overheating. These mechanisms help mitigate the risk of damage when a cooler is not present or functioning properly. However, sustained operation without proper cooling is not recommended.
The heat generated by a processor is measured in terms of thermal design power (TDP), which represents the maximum amount of heat that needs to be dissipated under typical usage conditions. TDP values are typically provided by the processor manufacturer and can vary widely depending on the specific model and its intended use, ranging from a few watts for low-power processors to several hundred watts for high-performance desktop or server processors.
It's important to note that a processor without a cooler, or with insufficient cooling, will quickly reach its temperature limits and can experience thermal throttling or even shutdown to protect itself. To ensure proper and safe operation, it is essential to use an adequate cooling solution, such as a heatsink and fan or a liquid cooling system, to maintain the processor within its recommended temperature range.