The normal operating temperature for an engine can vary depending on the specific make and model of the vehicle. However, a typical range for engine coolant temperature (ECT) in most cars is between 190°F (88°C) and 220°F (104°C).
In extreme heat conditions like the UAE's hot climate with an outside temperature of 42°C, it's not uncommon for engine coolant temperatures to rise higher than normal. Modern vehicles are equipped with cooling systems designed to handle such conditions, and the engine management system adjusts various parameters to maintain optimal engine temperature.
For your Volvo S60 2013 T4 with a 4-cylinder engine, the ECT should ideally be within the normal range mentioned above. It's important to ensure that your vehicle's cooling system is properly maintained, including checking coolant levels, inspecting hoses and connections for leaks, and servicing the radiator and cooling fans as per the manufacturer's recommendations.
If you notice that your engine coolant temperature consistently exceeds the normal range or reaches unsafe levels, it would be advisable to have your vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic or Volvo service center to diagnose any potential issues and ensure your cooling system is functioning properly.