If people did not have knowledge of time dilation, specifically the time dilation predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity, it would have presented a significant challenge in engineering the GPS (Global Positioning System) system as we know it today. The accurate functioning of GPS relies heavily on the understanding and application of both special and general relativity.
Time dilation effects occur due to the relative motion and gravitational fields experienced by the GPS satellites and the receivers on Earth's surface. The satellites move at high speeds relative to observers on the ground, and they are also located in weaker gravitational fields compared to the surface of the Earth. As a result, time passes differently for the satellites compared to clocks on the ground.
To ensure accurate positioning calculations, the GPS system takes into account these time dilation effects. The atomic clocks onboard the GPS satellites are designed to account for their relative motion and experience of weaker gravitational fields. The clocks on the ground also need to be synchronized with the satellite clocks, compensating for the time dilation effects.
If scientists and engineers did not have knowledge of time dilation, they would likely face challenges in accurately determining positions using GPS. The system would likely suffer from significant timing errors, leading to inaccurate location calculations.
Discovering and understanding the effects of time dilation was crucial for the development and engineering of GPS. The knowledge of relativistic effects, particularly time dilation, enables the precise synchronization of clocks and the correction of positional calculations, resulting in the highly accurate GPS navigation system we rely on today.