Time dilation can occur at any order of magnitude, depending on the relative velocities involved. The magnitude of time dilation is determined by the speed at which an object is moving relative to another observer. As the velocity approaches the speed of light, time dilation effects become more pronounced.
The equation for time dilation in special relativity is:
Δt' = Δt / γ
Where: Δt' is the observed time interval for the moving object, Δt is the time interval measured by a stationary observer, and γ is the Lorentz factor, given by γ = 1 / √(1 - v^2/c^2).
The Lorentz factor γ is always greater than or equal to 1, meaning time dilation will always occur to some extent for any relative velocity. However, the magnitude of time dilation becomes significant as the relative velocity approaches the speed of light.
For relatively low speeds, such as those encountered in everyday life, the time dilation effects are negligible and difficult to detect. However, as the relative velocity approaches a significant fraction of the speed of light, the time dilation becomes more noticeable.
To provide an example, at around 86.6% of the speed of light (v ≈ 0.866c), the Lorentz factor γ is approximately 2. In this case, time dilation would result in the observed time interval being twice as long as the time interval measured by a stationary observer. This represents a noticeable and measurable effect.
In summary, time dilation can occur at any order of magnitude, but its noticeable effects become more significant as the relative velocity approaches the speed of light.