The behavior of photons, which are particles of light, is described by the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED) and the principles of special relativity. According to these theories, photons are massless particles that always travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.
From the perspective of a photon, time does not pass. This is because, according to special relativity, time dilation occurs as an object approaches the speed of light. As the speed of light is the maximum speed at which information can travel, a photon experiences its entire journey instantaneously, from its emission to its absorption. This means that, from the photon's frame of reference, it does not "experience" time in the same way as objects with mass.
Regarding space, photons do not experience distances or spatial separation in the same way as objects with mass do. Since they travel at the speed of light, they have an inherent relationship with spacetime. From the photon's perspective, all points along its trajectory are effectively "collapsed" into a single point. This concept is sometimes referred to as the "light cone" or the "null interval" in relativity.
However, it is essential to note that this description is based on our current understanding of physics and the theories mentioned above. It does not imply that photons exist outside of spacetime or that they have consciousness or subjective experiences. These descriptions are meant to explain the behavior of photons within the framework of our physical theories, rather than making statements about their existence outside of spacetime or their subjective experiences.