Yes, it is true that with time dilation, humans can experience a difference in the rate at which they age compared to others in different reference frames. Time dilation is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity.
There are two types of time dilation: gravitational time dilation and relative velocity time dilation.
Gravitational time dilation: According to general relativity, time runs slower in regions with stronger gravitational fields. This means that if a person is in a stronger gravitational field, such as near a massive object like a planet or a black hole, time will pass more slowly for them compared to someone in a weaker gravitational field. For example, an observer on the surface of the Earth will age slightly slower than an observer in orbit around the Earth.
Relative velocity time dilation: Special relativity states that time can appear to run differently for observers moving relative to each other. If two observers are moving at different speeds relative to each other, time will appear to pass more slowly for the observer in motion compared to the observer at rest. This effect becomes more significant as the speed approaches the speed of light. This has been experimentally confirmed through high-precision measurements and is a fundamental aspect of our understanding of the universe.
It's important to note that these effects become significant only at extreme conditions, such as near massive objects or at very high velocities close to the speed of light. For everyday life on Earth, the effects of time dilation are negligible and not noticeable.
Time dilation is not just a theoretical concept; it has practical implications in various fields, including GPS systems, space travel, and particle accelerators, where precise timekeeping is crucial.
In summary, due to the effects of time dilation, individuals in different gravitational fields or relative velocities can experience a difference in the rate at which they age. However, these effects are typically only significant under extreme conditions and not observable in everyday life.