The relationship between space and time is a fundamental concept in physics, specifically in the theory of relativity. According to our current understanding, space and time are interconnected as a single entity called spacetime.
In Einstein's theory of general relativity, the curvature of spacetime is influenced by the distribution of matter and energy. Massive objects, such as planets or stars, curve the surrounding spacetime, causing the paths of other objects (including light) to follow curved trajectories. This curvature affects the perception of time as well.
However, in general relativity, the motion through space does not directly cause time travel. Moving through space alone does not inherently lead to traveling through time. Instead, it is the relative motion between observers or the presence of intense gravitational fields that can alter the flow of time.
The phenomenon of time dilation, a consequence of general relativity, describes how time can appear to pass differently for observers in different gravitational fields or moving at different velocities. For example, someone closer to a massive object or traveling at high speeds would experience time passing more slowly compared to someone in a different reference frame.
So, while motion through space can influence the passage of time, it does not allow for the kind of deliberate, controlled time travel typically depicted in science fiction. Our understanding of the laws of physics suggests that specific conditions, such as extreme gravitational fields or relativistic speeds, are necessary to significantly affect the passage of time.