Elements in Group 4A (Group 14), 5A (Group 15), and 6A (Group 16) of the periodic table have 4, 5, and 6 valence electrons, respectively.
Group 4A elements, also known as the carbon group, include carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb). These elements have 4 valence electrons.
Group 5A elements, also known as the nitrogen group, include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). These elements have 5 valence electrons.
Group 6A elements, also known as the oxygen group, include oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), and polonium (Po). These elements have 6 valence electrons.
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and determine an element's chemical properties and reactivity. The group number of an element in the periodic table generally corresponds to the number of valence electrons it possesses.