The relationship between mass and acceleration is described by Newton's second law of motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
F = m * a
where F is the net force applied to the object, m is its mass, and a is the resulting acceleration.
Regarding your second question, an object's velocity cannot become infinite in classical physics. According to classical mechanics, as an object's velocity approaches the speed of light (299,792,458 meters per second), its energy and mass increase, making it increasingly difficult to accelerate further. At the speed of light, the object's mass would become infinite, requiring an infinite amount of energy to accelerate it any further. This is known as the theory of special relativity, which introduces the concept of a cosmic speed limit, the speed of light, beyond which objects with mass cannot travel.