Explaining the wave-particle duality of light in a logical, rational way requires an understanding of quantum mechanics, which is a mathematical framework that describes the behavior of particles and waves at the microscopic level. While the wave-particle duality may seem counterintuitive from a classical perspective, it can be logically and rationally understood within the context of quantum mechanics.
Quantum mechanics introduces the concept of a wavefunction, which is a mathematical description that characterizes the behavior of particles. In the case of light, the wavefunction describes the probability distribution of finding photons, the fundamental particles of light, in different states.
When light is observed or measured, the wavefunction collapses to a specific state, and the photons behave as localized particles with well-defined properties like position or momentum. This behavior is analogous to classical particles.
On the other hand, when light is not observed or measured, it can exhibit wave-like phenomena, such as interference and diffraction, which are characteristic of waves. This wave-like behavior is manifested in the pattern of light observed in experiments like the double-slit experiment.
The logical and rational explanation lies in understanding that the behavior of particles, including photons, is inherently probabilistic in nature. The wave-particle duality arises because the wavefunction provides a mathematical representation of the probabilities of different outcomes when observing or measuring light.
In essence, the wave-particle duality of light can be understood by recognizing that light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties, depending on how it is observed or measured. This understanding is consistent with experimental evidence and is supported by the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics.