The wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, which states that particles can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior. While the concept is most commonly associated with photons (particles of light), it also applies to other particles, including those governed by other quantum fields.
In quantum field theory, elementary particles are described as excitations of their respective quantum fields. Each type of elementary particle, such as electrons, quarks, and others, is associated with a specific quantum field. These fields pervade all of space and time, and their excitations correspond to the particles we observe.
Similar to photons, particles associated with other quantum fields can also display wave-particle duality. For example, electrons can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior. This is evident in experiments such as the double-slit experiment, where electrons exhibit interference patterns, similar to light waves.
The wave-like behavior of particles is described by a mathematical framework called wave functions or quantum wave equations. These equations describe the probability distribution of finding a particle at a given location or with a certain momentum. The wave function can exhibit wave-like properties such as interference and diffraction, indicating the particle's wave-like nature.
It's important to note that the specific details of wave-particle duality and the behavior of different particles are described by the principles and equations of quantum mechanics. The wave-particle duality is a fundamental characteristic of quantum particles and is not limited to light alone.