I can understand why this concept might be confusing. In quantum physics, particles are described by wave functions, which are mathematical descriptions that represent the probability distribution of finding a particle in different states or locations. While wave functions are abstract mathematical constructs, they have proven to be extremely successful in predicting the behavior and outcomes of quantum experiments.
The wave-particle duality in quantum physics refers to the observation that particles can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior, depending on the experimental setup or observation. This duality is not a contradiction but rather a characteristic of quantum mechanics that challenges our classical intuitions.
When we say a particle exhibits wave-like behavior, it means that its wave function can undergo interference, diffraction, and superposition. These wave-like characteristics are observed in experiments such as the double-slit experiment, where particles like electrons or photons can create interference patterns similar to what we would expect from waves.
However, it's important to note that the wave function itself is not a physical wave like those we encounter in our everyday experience. It is a mathematical representation that describes the probabilistic behavior of particles in the quantum realm. The wave function allows us to calculate the probabilities of different outcomes when making measurements or observations on quantum systems.
The abstract nature of the wave function does not diminish its utility or validity in describing quantum phenomena. Quantum mechanics is a highly successful theory that has been extensively tested and confirmed through countless experiments. While the wave function may not have a direct physical interpretation, it provides a mathematical framework that accurately predicts the behavior of particles in the quantum world.